5 of the Best Aftermarket Wheels You Can Buy for Your Car
One of the first things people do when they want to change things up on their car is buy a set of aftermarket wheels. It’s seems like a great idea, as this will drastically effect the way your car looks, and there are literally thousands of different wheel configurations for you to choose from. From period correct 14-inch replicas to gargantuan 32-inch chrome rollers, there really is something for everyone these days, and the only thing holding someone back how much they are willing to pay.
But before you go and buy the first set of wheels you find be sure to watch this video on why knock-off rims are so dangerous. In the wheel world, you typically get what you pay for, and when it comes to something that could potentially save (or take) your life, you want some strength and rigidity to go with the looks. You also have to take into consideration things like proper width, offset, bolt patterns/pitch circle diameter (PCD), caliper clearance, and load tolerances to name just a few. Most people don’t care though, and they just buy whatever looks best to them at the lowest possible price, not knowing that they are investing in something that could crack or bend at a moment’s notice.
So before we go any further, let’s talk about the two primary ways wheels are made: casting and forging. Casting is the process in which aluminum alloy is melted at high temperatures and is then poured into a mold to form a product. This is the easiest and cheapest way to mass produce wheels, and is how the majority of those knock-off and budget-oriented rims are formed. Besides being prone to bends and cracks, the casting process makes significant weight reduction almost impossible as it cannot be formed into a thin layer of metal. And while there are some very high-quality cast wheels out there, with unique strengthening steps, these reinforced versions typically cost a quite bit more than their simplistic counterparts.
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0905155659
Line ID：0905155659
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新北市土城區中央路四段30號
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When buying wheels for a vehicle, shoppers have a choice between steel and alloy. While alloy wheels are lighter, they can’t compete with the strength and durability of a steel wheel. Even though alloy wheels are the wheel type of choice for car manufacturers, car enthusiasts prefer steel wheels due to their reduced cost and strength.
Steel wheels are also heavier than alloy wheels, weighing three times as much. This makes them a good option for shoppers looking to save a little money when replacing their vehicle’s wheels. Their heavier weight lowers the center of gravity of the vehicle, however, which is not good for those who prefer a vehicle with agility and acceleration. On the plus side, this extra weight makes the vehicle more controllable in winter conditions, such as snow, ice, or freezing rain.
When searching for steel wheels, buyers should check out available steel wheel product options before making a final purchase. They should also learn about the different diameters and widths, how these differences relate to each other, and how to buy steel wheels.
Discover Steel Wheels
When shopping for steel wheels, shoppers should keep in mind wheel size, the finish that they desire, and their overall budget. The following sections detail wheel basics, including rim diameter, rim width, and what these two measurements mean in relation to each other. In addition to these areas, shoppers should learn how to differentiate the standard wheel size for their vehicle and the various types of finishes available for steel wheels.
Steel Wheel Basics
When dealing with steel wheels, there are some basic terms that affect what wheel a shopper buys. These include the overall size, the bolt pattern, the offset of the wheel, and the finish desired. The sections below provide shoppers with more information about these areas.
Rim Diameter
A steel wheel’s rim size is the diameter of the wheel where the bead of the tire sits on the wheel. The list below includes several common wheel diameters, which ranges from 13 to 20 inches:
13 inches
14 inches
15 inches
16 inches
17 inches
18 inches
20 inches
In all cases, buy steel wheels that conform to the load capacity of the vehicle they are mounted on, as determined in large part by the number of lugs, the pitch center of diameter (PCD), and the type of axle utilized. In general terms, the larger the vehicle, the bigger the load capacity requirements of the wheel. All wheels have the load capacity stamped into the back of the wheel.
Rim Width
Steel wheel rim width is the measurement from the inside of the outer rim flange to the inside of the inner rim flange. The list below details some of the various rim widths available, from 4 inches to 14 inches:
4 inches
4.5 inches
5 inches
5.5 inches
6 inches
6.5 inches
7 inches
7.5 inches
8 inches
9 inches
10 inches
12 inches
14 inches
When choosing a steel wheel to purchase, shoppers need to keep in mind that the vehicle they are buying for has a specific range of rim width that can be mounted and still retain a degree of safety while being driven. Buying a steel wheel with a width that is too small for the vehicle in question can lead to poor performance, or worse, wheel and tire failure.
Tire Diameter to Width Ratio
The ratio of the height of a tire in comparison to its width is called its aspect ratio. Increasing one will cause a proportional increase of the other. This is represented as a percentage. For example, when reading the tire code 225/70R14, the number after the slash represents 70 percent. What this means is that the height of the side wall is 70 percent of the nominal width of the tire. Width increases stability and handling, while a more narrow tire will increase speed and the overall ride comfort.
Using different-sized wheels over the standard that comes with a vehicle from the factory can represent its own set of problems. When doing so, shoppers should be careful not to buy a tire that is either too narrow or too wide for the rim it is placed upon. A common method for increasing the size of a wheel and still staying within safe parameters is to plus-size, step-up a tire. This involves decreasing the tire profile, some times as much 35 percent, which in turn allows shoppers to increase the overall rim size while keeping the tire within the parameters that allow the rolling radius to stay the same as a standard tire. Shoppers wanting to do so should consult a tire professional before proceeding.
Bolt Pattern
Bolt patterns are the holes in a rim for the bolts on the axle hub to fit through, allowing the wheel to be tightened to the axle through the use of lug nuts. They come in different numbers of bolts, which are stationed at an equal distance from each other in a circular pattern. The table below lists some common bolt patterns found on steel wheels. The first number represents the number of bolts, while the second number represents the diameter of the pattern in millimeters:
4x100 millimeters
5x100 millimeters
5x139.7 millimeters
6x139.7 millimeters
8x165.1 millimeters
Before purchasing a tire, shoppers should find out how many bolts their current wheels have and shop accordingly. When attaching tires, shoppers should use a star pattern when tightening, and make sure not to overtighten, as this makes it hard to remove the lug nuts when the tire must be removed at a later time.
Offset
The offset of a wheel is the relation of where the tire sits on the wheel in relation to the suspension. Measured in millimeters, it is the distance between the wheel hub, where the wheel attaches to the axle, and the centerline of the rim. A positive offset means the wheel is more toward the outside of the vehicle and toward the fender. A negative offset gives a wheel that is more in toward the suspension of the car.
Take care to not deviate outside the parameters allowed for the vehicle. Doing so can affect both how the car handles and also put too high of a load on bushings, ball joints, and bearings. Shoppers wishing to change the offset of their wheels
should first consult with a tire professional before doing so.
可點：快速加為好友。 陳道 Will Chen
0905155659
Line ID：0905155659
帝師汽車有限公司 http://www.thiscar.com.tw
新北市土城區中央路四段30號
電話：(02)22685338
1. TITLE(美國) or ICBC保單(加拿大)、汽車許可證PERMIT or 抹消證明(日本) or 車輛註冊資料(德國)
2. 如果抬頭上所有者並非出貨人, 請提供 BILL OF SALE。
3. 出貨人護照或稅號證明文件。
4. 美國出國人必須到DMV監理所去填寫汽車出口申請表，註銷汽車車籍資料, 並提供蓋章後的申請表。
可點：快速加為好友。
陳道 Will Chen
0905155659
Line ID：0905155659
帝師汽車有限公司 http://www.thiscar.com.tw
新北市土城區中央路四段30號
電話：(02)22685338
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A car being shipped for import must be listed on a shipping inventory.
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An original certificate of registration:title.
Passport.
A Driver's License or work permit, valid for at least one year.
An invoice or receipt that provides proof or purchase for the vehicle and states the amount paid for it.
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BMW was established as a business entity following a restructuring of the Rapp Motorenwerke aircraft manufacturing firm in 1917. After the end of World War I in 1918, BMW was forced to cease aircraft-engine production by the terms of the Versailles Armistice Treaty.[5] The company consequently shifted to motorcycle production in 1923, once the restrictions of the treaty started to be lifted,[6] followed by automobiles in 1928–29.[7][8][9]
The first car which BMW successfully produced and the car which launched BMW on the road to automobile production was the Dixi, it was based on the Austin 7 and licensed from the Austin Motor Company in Birmingham, England.
BMW's first significant aircraft engine was the BMW IIIa inline-six liquid-cooled engine of 1918, much preferred for its high-altitude performance.[10] With German rearmament in the 1930s, the company again began producing aircraft engines for the Luftwaffe. Among its successful World War II engine designs were the BMW 132 and BMW 801 air-cooled radial engines, and the pioneering BMW 003 axial-flow turbojet, which powered the tiny, 1944–1945–era jet-powered "emergency fighter", the Heinkel He 162 Spatz. The BMW 003 jet engine was tested in the A-1b version of the world's first jet fighter, the Messerschmitt Me 262, but BMW engines failed on takeoff, a major setback for the Emergency Fighter Program until successful testing with Junkers engines.[11][12] Towards the end of the Third Reich BMW developed some military aircraft projects for the Luftwaffe, the BMW Strahlbomber, the BMW Schnellbomber and the BMW Strahljäger, but none of them were built.[13][14]
By the year 1958, the automotive division of BMW was in financial difficulties and a shareholders meeting was held to decide whether to go into liquidation or find a way of carrying on. It was decided to carry on and to try to cash in on the current economy car boom enjoyed so successfully by some of Germany's ex-aircraft manufacturers such as Messerschmitt and Heinkel. The rights to manufacture the Italian Iso Isetta were bought; the tiny cars themselves were to be powered by a modified form of BMW's own motorcycle engine. This was moderately successful and helped the company get back on its feet. The controlling majority shareholder of the BMW Aktiengesellschaft since 1959 is the Quandt family, which owns about 46% of the stock. The rest is in public float.
BMW acquired the Hans Glas company based in Dingolfing, Germany, in 1966. Glas vehicles were briefly badged as BMW until the company was fully absorbed. It was reputed that the acquisition was mainly to gain access to Glas' development of the timing belt with an overhead camshaft in automotive applications,[15] although some saw Glas' Dingolfing plant as another incentive. However, this factory was outmoded and BMW's biggest immediate gain was, according to themselves, a stock of highly qualified engineers and other personnel.[16] The Glas factories continued to build a limited number of their existing models, while adding the manufacture of BMW front and rear axles until they could be closer incorporated into BMW.[17]
BMW 3-Series (F30)
In 1992, BMW acquired a large stake in California based industrial design studio DesignworksUSA, which they fully acquired in 1995. In 1994, BMW bought the British Rover Group[18] (which at the time consisted of the Rover, Land Rover and MG brands as well as the rights to defunct brands including Austin and Morris), and owned it for six years. By 2000, Rover was incurring huge losses and BMW decided to sell the combine. The MG and Rover brands were sold to the Phoenix Consortium to form MG Rover, while Land Rover was taken over by Ford. BMW, meanwhile, retained the rights to build the new Mini, which was launched in 2001.
Chief designer Chris Bangle announced his departure from BMW in February 2009, after serving on the design team for nearly seventeen years.[19] He was replaced by Adrian van Hooydonk, Bangle's former right-hand man. Bangle was known for his radical designs such as the 2002 7-Series and the 2002 Z4. In July 2007, the production rights for Husqvarna Motorcycles was purchased by BMW for a reported 93 million euros. BMW Motorrad plans to continue operating Husqvarna Motorcycles as a separate enterprise. All development, sales and production activities, as well as the current workforce, have remained in place at its present location at Varese.
In June 2012, BMW was listed as the #1 most reputable company in the world by Forbes.com.[20] Rankings are based upon aspects such as "people's willingness to buy, recommend, work for, and invest in a company is driven 60% by their perceptions of the company and only 40% by their perceptions of their products."
Mercedes-Benz traces its origins to Karl Benz's creation of the first petrol-powered car, the Benz Patent Motorwagen, financed by Bertha Benz[2] and patented in January 1886,[3] and Gottlieb Daimler and engineer Wilhelm Maybach's conversion of a stagecoach by the addition of a petrol engine later that year. The Mercedes automobile was first marketed in 1901 by Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft. The first Mercedes-Benz brand name vehicles were produced in 1926, following the merger of Karl Benz's and Gottlieb Daimler's companies into the Daimler-Benz company.[4][3] Throughout the 1930s, Mercedes-Benz produced the 770 model, a car that was popular during Germany's Nazi period. Adolf Hitler was known to have driven these cars during his time in power, with bulletproof windshields. Most of the surviving models have been sold at auctions to private buyers. One of them is currently on display at the War Museum in Ottawa, Ontario. Mercedes-Benz has introduced many technological and safety innovations that later became common in other vehicles.[5] Mercedes-Benz is one of the best known and established automotive brands in the world, and is also one of the world's oldest automotive brand still in existence today in 2014, having produced the first petrol-powered car.[6]
For information relating to the famous three-pointed star, see under the title Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft including the merger into Daimler-Benz.
Historically, the spelling was "tire" and is of French origin, which comes from the word tirer, to pull. The reason for this naming is that originally "tire" referred to iron hoops or thick wires bound to carriage wheels. In French blacksmithing the word for a drawn iron rod is a tirer, or pull. The same word was often used for any metal drawing or rolling process. In an article in the London Magazine/Intelligencer of 1853 "The Utility of Broad Wheels," it explains that the common practice was to bend two rods, called "tires," into hoops and bind them to the wheel, but it is preferable to use an iron band, called a "broad wheel" rather than the rods, because as the rods wear they bite into the wheel. Another early mention of a tire in English is in The Scots Magazine, Volume 15 By James Boswell (1753).
Another origin of "tire" is provided by Online Etymology Dictionary,[2] essentially that the word is a short form of "attire," and that a wheel with a tire is a dressed wheel. Some other etymologists may share this view.
The spelling tyre does not appear until the 1840s when the English began shrink fitting railway car wheels with malleable iron. Nevertheless, traditional publishers continued using tire. The Times newspaper in Britain was still using tire as late as 1905.[3] The spelling tyre, however, began to be commonly used in the 19th century for pneumatic tires in the UK. The 1911 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica states that "[t]he spelling 'tyre' is not now accepted by the best English authorities, and is unrecognized in the US",[4] while Fowler's Modern English Usage of 1926 says that "there is nothing to be said for 'tyre', which is etymologically wrong, as well as needlessly divergent from our own [sc. British] older & the present American usage".[5] However, over the course of the 20th century tyre became established as the standard British spelling.
For other uses, see Tire (disambiguation).
"Inner tube" redirects here. For the swimming device, see swim ring.
Stacked and standing car tires
A tire (American English) or tyre (British English),[1] is a ring-shaped vehicle component that covers the wheel's rim to protect it and enable better vehicle performance. Most tires, such as those for automobiles and bicycles, provide traction between the vehicle and the road while providing a flexible cushion that absorbs shock.
The materials of modern pneumatic tires are synthetic rubber, natural rubber, fabric and wire, along with carbon black and other chemical compounds. They consist of a tread and a body. The tread provides traction while the body provides containment for a quantity of compressed air. Before rubber was developed, the first versions of tires were simply bands of metal that fitted around wooden wheels to prevent wear and tear. Early rubber tires were solid (not pneumatic). Today, the majority of tires are pneumatic inflatable structures, comprising a doughnut-shaped body of cords and wires encased in rubber and generally filled with compressed air to form an inflatable cushion. Pneumatic tires are used on many types of vehicles, including cars, bicycles, motorcycles, trucks, earthmovers, and aircraft. Metal tires are still used on locomotives and railcars, and solid rubber (or other polymer) tires are still used in various non-automotive applications, such as some casters, carts, lawnmowers, and wheelbarrows.
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Chailease Auto Rental
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Gharry Car Rental
TPE Airport Shuttle, Taipei Car Hire, Taiwan Car Rental ( For those who are not familiar with the road conditions, it is recommended to rent a car with a driver.)
HOTAI Leasing Corporation (HLC)
LimoLimo
ORIX Auto Leasing Taiwan Corporation
ORIX Auto Leasing Taiwan Corporation is one oversea company of Japanese ORIX Group. ORIX provides corporate leasing, personal leasing, car rental, airport pick-up, business trip, travel visiting and limousine services in Taiwan.
For other types of motorized vehicles, see Motor vehicle. For other uses, see Car (disambiguation), Automobile (disambiguation), and Cars (disambiguation).
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Car
Benz-velo.jpg
Benz "Velo" model (1894) by German inventor Carl Benz – entered into an early automobile race as a motocycle[1][2]
ClassificationVehicle
IndustryVarious
ApplicationTransportation
Fuel sourceGasoline, Diesel, Electric, Hydrogen, Solar energy
PoweredYes
Self-propelledYes
Wheels3–4
Axles1–2
InventorFerdinand Verbiest
Vehicles in use per country from 2001 to 2007. It shows the significant growth in BRIC.
World map of passenger cars per 1000 people
A car is a wheeled, self-powered motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of the term specify that cars are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.[3][4] The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car. In that year, German inventor Karl Benz built the Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century. One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the United States of America, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts, but took much longer to be accepted in Western Europe and other less-developed parts of the world.
Cars are equipped with controls used for driving, parking, and passenger comfort and safety. New controls have also been added to vehicles, making them more complex. Examples include air conditioning, navigation systems, and in car entertainment. Most cars in use today are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by deflagration of gasoline (also known as petrol) or diesel. Both fuels are known to cause air pollution and are also blamed for contributing to climate change and global warming.[5] Vehicles using alternative fuels such as ethanol flexible-fuel vehicles and natural gas vehicles are also gaining popularity in some countries.
Road traffic accidents are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide.[6] The costs of car usage, which may include the cost of: acquiring the vehicle, repairs and auto maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance,[7] are weighed against the cost of the alternatives, and the value of the benefits – perceived and real – of vehicle usage. The benefits may include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence and convenience.[8] The costs to society of encompassing car use, which may include those of: maintaining roads, land use, pollution, public health, health care, and of disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life, can be balanced against the value of the benefits to society that car use generates. The societal benefits may include: economy benefits, such as job and wealth creation, of car production and maintenance, transportation provision, society wellbeing derived from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from the tax opportunities. The ability for humans to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies.[9]
